The working principle of an electric hammer is based on the combined rotational and impact motion driven by an electric motor. It generates high-frequency impact force through an internal pneumatic piston structure, enabling efficient drilling into hard materials such as concrete.
Core Motion Mechanism
Rotational Cutting Motion: After the electric motor starts, it directly drives the drill bit to rotate at high speed through a gear transmission mechanism, achieving the cutting effect on the material.
Reciprocating Impact Motion: The transmission mechanism simultaneously drives the piston to perform high-speed reciprocating motion within the cylinder, compressing air to produce periodic pressure changes.
The air pressure changes in the cylinder push the hammer to strike the rear of the drill bit reciprocally, producing a strong hammering force perpendicular to the drill bit.
Key Structural Components
Power and Transmission System: Typically uses AC or DC motors, coupled with a reduction gearbox to convert the motor's high-speed rotation into low-speed, high-torque output, driving a crank-connecting rod mechanism.
Pneumatic Hammer Mechanism: The core components are the cylinder, piston, and hammer. It uses air compression to transmit impact energy, which produces less vibration compared to direct mechanical impact but delivers greater striking force.
Mode Adjustment Device: Most electric hammers are equipped with a function knob that allows switching between pure rotation, pure impact (chipping mode), or combined rotation and impact modes to suit different operational needs.